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Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership (CISL)

 
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支持中国开展以人为本和环境友好型的城镇化进程

露西Ÿ贝朗思,剑桥大学可持续领导力学院(CISL)领导力教育项目经理

2015年11月19日


今年六月,我们迎来了中国广东省的25位高级官员参加可持续领导力培训项目的定制课程。在为期三周的讲座、讨论和实地走访中,他们探讨了可持续城镇化及其对中国高速经济增长的意义。以下由露西Ÿ贝朗思撰文。

几乎整整十五年前,随着游轮靠岸,我来到了中国,来到了广东,在那里安家一年。我现在知道我是在其发展关键时期来到了中国和广东。时隔一年,回到我当初居住的肇庆市,那里出现了第一座商场,而当地人的兴致也从之前一年刚刚开业的麦当劳转向了商场扶梯。变革的迹象比比皆是,但我不曾想到中国整体的发展规模,尤其是在此期间广东的变化。以前从省会广州到肇庆要花四个小时乘坐破旧的迷你巴士,而当2012年我再次回去的时候,取而代之的是豪华大巴只需不到三个小时、穿梭在超级高速公路上,两旁满目的工厂和路过地方各自的制造业产品宣传广告。记忆中的田野和坑挖土路早已一去不复返。

自从1978年经济改革开始,中国经济一直高速增长,并于最近成为了世界第二大经济体。而该变革的前沿阵地即是广东的珠三角州,在过去二十年间,诸如深圳的城市从小渔村蜕变成了全世界重要的经济龙头。这些崛起很大一部分得益于经济特区的发展,使得广东成为了全球制造业的腹地,生产包括电子通讯设备、汽车、服装等各式各样的关键生活用品。然而,高速的经济发展也带来了种种挑战,譬如高速城镇化、不断升级的环境污染、管理内部流动人口,以及人口老龄化。中国不仅认识到了这些挑战,并在其“十二五”规划当中做出了明确应对,旨在进入“新常态”的速度减缓但质量更高的增长期。与此同时,中国政府近期发布了《国家新型城镇化规划(2014-2020年)》,推进城镇化,通过以人为本和环境友好型的方式促进未来经济发展。

今年六月,我非常荣幸地欢迎了广东省代表团赴剑桥大学参加专门为其定制的可持续领导力培训项目。该代表团包括了从地级市副市长到省政府副厅局级领导等25位高级官员。他们负责的服务和所做决策与将近一亿人息息相关。此次为期三周的项目专门设计了涉及当今全球趋势和挑战的见解分享、意识提升、批判性思考等内容,尤其聚焦工业化和技术创新在提升可持续经济活动中的角色。

此次课程是剑桥大学可持续领导力学院(CISL)领导力教育项目的一部分,通过讲座、专家互动、实地走访和小组讨论,鼓励提问并与学员们一道探索一系列议题。其中涉及到的问题包括,自然资本的价值是什么?城市设计如何能促进社区融合?剑桥是如何成为高科技产业中心的?如何从传统制造业实现过度?弹性城市意味着什么?重要的是,这些对于广东省的意义有哪些,该采取哪些行动?此次项目特别鼓励了实地走访当中的提问和发现,安排走访了位于伦敦的伊丽莎白女王奥林匹克公园,亲身体验了许多先前探讨的可持续准则的实际运行,也参观了剑桥大学卡文迪许实验室,展示了不断兴起的可持续创新。

得益于来自剑桥、伦敦以及遍及英国的专家协助,代表们探索了新思路,了解了对方,感受了英国生活,而我们也从他们身上获益良多。我很高兴得知广东省的各种发展、正在实施的环保项目,以及通过相互协作来降低省内不均衡发展的意愿。尤其让我欣喜的是与中国和中国文化重新连接,练习我进展缓慢的普通话技能,背记中国的宴请礼仪,也让我想起那个我如此眷恋和依然着迷的国度。 

当我与代表团挥手道别之际,我也期待欢迎更多客人,期待延续我与中国的联系,深入开展我和CISL的工作,并帮助中国实现其以人为本和环境友好型的城镇化愿景。


 

Supporting China with a more human-centred and environmental approach to urbanisation

Lucy Bruzzone, Programme Manager, Executive Education, CISL

19 November 2015


In June, we welcomed 25 senior officials from the Chinese province of Guangdong for a bespoke Sustainability Leadership Training Programme. During three weeks of lectures, conversations and site visits, they discussed sustainable urbanisation and its implications for China’s fast-growing economy, explains Lucy Bruzzone.

Almost exactly 15 years ago I stepped off a ferry into China and Guangdong province, the place that was to be my home for the next year. What I know now is that my experience of China and Guangdong occurred at a pivotal time in the country’s development. Returning a year later, the city where I had lived, Zhaoqing, had its first shopping mall and the locals had moved their interest from McDonald’s, which had opened the previous year, to the mall escalators it offered. Signs of change were all around but I could never have imagined the scale of development which China as a whole, and in particular this province, would have undertaken in the intervening years. Returning in 2012, the once four-hour journey by clapped-out minibus from Zhaoqing to Guangzhou, the province’s capital, now took under three and involved a luxury coach which zipped along a superhighway sandwiched between factories and signs advertising the products manufactured in each locality we passed through. Long gone were the fields and potholed roads I remembered.

Since the start of its economic reforms in 1978, China’s economy has been rising rapidly; recently becoming the world’s second largest economy. The vanguard of this change has been the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong where, within the last two decades, cities such as Shenzhen have transformed from fishing villages to major global powerhouses. Much of this rise has resulted from the development of Special Economic Zones leading to Guangdong becoming the manufacturing heartland of the world for many essential daily items such as telecommunications equipment, autos and clothing. However, this rapid economic rise has brought with it many challenges, including rapid urbanisation, an increasingly polluted environment, management of internal migration and an increasingly ageing population. China recognises these challenges and has a clear focus on their mitigation within its 12th five-year plan as it seeks to enter a “new normal” focused on slower but better quality growth. Alongside this, Chinese authorities have recently launched their National New-type Urbanisation Plan (2014-2020) focused on increasing urbanisation to support future economic development with a human-centred and environmentally-focused approach.

The programme, part of the Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership (CISL)’s Executive Education, encouraged questioning, with participants exploring a range of issues through lectures, engagement with experts, site visits and group discussions.  Some of the questions discussed during the programme included – what is the value of natural capital? How can we design cities for community cohesion? How has Cambridge become a hub for high tech industry? What does it mean to move beyond traditional manufacturing? What does city resilience mean? And importantly what are the implications for Guangdong, and what action is needed?   The programme also encouraged questioning and discovery through site visits, and included a visit to the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in London to see the operation of many of the sustainability principles discussed, and to the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge demonstrating emerging innovation for sustainability.

With the assistance of experts in Cambridge, London, and across the UK the delegates explored new ideas, got to know each other and experienced life in the UK, and we also learnt from them. I was pleased to learn about the developments of the province, environmental initiatives being undertaken and the desire to work collaboratively to reduce inequality across the province. In particular I enjoyed reconnecting with China and the Chinese culture, practicing my slowly developing Mandarin skills, remembering the etiquettes of Chinese banquet dining and being reminded of the country which I had so much enjoyed exploring and which continues to hold a fascination for me.

So, as I waved goodbye to this delegation, I looked forward to welcoming others, continuing my connection with China, and further developing my work, and that of the Institute, to support the country with its ambition of a more human-centred and environmental approach to urbanisation.

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剑桥大学可持续领导力学院(CISL)博客刊登的雇员撰文不代表该学院或剑桥大学确认或赞成其观点。

Articles on the blog written by employees of the University of Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership (CISL) do not necessarily represent the views of, or endorsement by, the Institute or the wider University of Cambridge. 

关于作者 | About the author

Lucy Bruzzone 100x100露西Ÿ贝朗思是剑桥大学可持续领导力学院(CISL) 领导力教育团队的一员,负责设计和开展一系列定制课程。

联系露西

Lucy Bruzzone works within the Executive Programmes Team on the development and delivery of a number of customised programmes.

Contact Lucy