CISL COP16 briefing
CISL COP16 Briefing - Restoring Nature: Reimagining Growth
Introduction
Climate change and nature loss pose the greatest risk to humanity, according to the WEF's 2024 Global Risks Report. A partial collapse of ecosystem services could reduce global GDP by US$2.7 trillion by 2030.
Our planet is undergoing its sixth great mass extinction and left unchecked, these intertwined crises’ greatest toll will be on human life itself, with a direct cost to health estimated to be US$2–4 billion per year by 2030. The loss of nature is an existential threat for over a quarter of the global population, which depends on its resources for their livelihood.
The human, economic and commercial consequences unfolding all around us show that we are failing to address this crisis. This year an unprecedented number of heat records have been broken, drought in South Africa has affected 68 million people, and thousands of wildfires threatened the collapse of the Amazon rainforest.
In 2022 the United Nations Biodiversity Conference (COP15) ended with a landmark agreement to guide global action on nature through to 2030. The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) was adopted by 196 Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, which aims to address biodiversity loss, restore ecosystems and protect indigenous rights. The plan includes concrete targets to halt and reverse nature loss, including putting 30 per cent of the planet and 30 per cent of degraded ecosystems under protection by 2030. It also contains targets to increase finance to developing countries.
There are some positive signals of change since COP15, but much more needs to be done to turn the tide on nature loss – made clear by recent analysis from Business for Nature.
Progress to date largely relates to wider understanding of nature-related issues and increased commitments to act. In Europe, a new European Restoration Regulation has been adopted, which is the first to set legally binding restoration targets for the long-term recovery of nature in Europe, and the EU’s Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive has resulted in thousands of companies starting to measure and report on biodiversity, water and pollution. As of 30 June 2024, 416 companies had adopted recommendations from the Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD). Previous notions of limited access to data to help companies measure their impact on nature are dissolving as solutions scale.
Nature has secured a clearer spot in the business agenda, with more corporates becoming part of broader momentum through sharing strategies in initiatives like It’s Now for Nature. The idea of regenerative agriculture is being increasingly picked up by food producers across the globe, seeking to both reduce harm to nature and actively restore it.
But to truly shift the dial on the nature crisis, we need to move from greater transparency and commitment to action from governments, business and finance. Actions including:
- resetting our relationship with nature and providing a vision for growth and prosperity that aligns with a nature-positive future
- shifting our economic system to one that enhances rather than erodes nature, underpinned by regulatory and market frameworks that incentivise protecting and restoring nature, and
- transforming the way we make decisions about finite and fragile resources, drawing on the best available knowledge from research and modelling, indigenous communities and practical industry insight, and also embracing inclusive and transparent processes that can deliver positive outcomes for people, nature and climate
- building understanding in senior leaders about the urgency of the existential threats we face, their impacts on the natural world and how to integrate nature into their decision-making.
COP16
The United Nations’ COP16 conference in Colombia is a pivotal opportunity for leaders to set a bold pathway towards a nature-positive future.
Implementation is the focus of the meeting, and essential to achieve the Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF). For implementation to work, however, both governments and private sector actors must move from ambition to action, understand how to find potential solutions or develop viable pathways for transformations, and address biodiversity and climate change as an intertwined crisis.COP16 will focus on implementation, advancing National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs – the name given to the specific national commitments governments are being asked to advance to deliver on the global framework) and progress towards the headline targets of protecting 30 per cent of land and sea areas by 2030 and effectively restoring 30 per cent of degraded ecosystems.
The voice of leading businesses will be critical at COP16 to signal to governments that business is willing to be part of the solution. Many are taking action to assess, commit, transform and disclose on nature, including at a sector level and by developing a nature strategy. But we all need to do more to achieve the collective goal of halting and reversing nature loss by 2030.
What will be negotiated?
How to operationalise and implement the monitoring framework that includes the indicators for each of the 23 targets that will enable governments to report on progress.
Photo by Marcin Jozwiak on Unsplash
Photo by Marcin Jozwiak on Unsplash
Photo by Jonas Zürcher on Unsplash
Photo by Jonas Zürcher on Unsplash
Designing and establishing a multilateral mechanism on fair and equitable Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) from the use of digital sequence information on genetic resources.
Key themes emerging on the COP16 agenda
- Tools and solutions for implementing and mainstreaming:
Moving from goal setting into implementation and action (Target 14/Target 15)
Addressing the financing of the support implementation (Target 19)
- Meeting people’s needs through sustainable use and benefit sharing:
High-technology biology (Target 13)
Indigenous Peoples and Local Community engagement (Target 11)
CISL's four recommendations for leaders at COP16
1. Shift the narrative
The world currently lacks models of – and visions for – social progress and economic growth that systematically enhance rather than erode nature. We consequently lack regulatory and market frameworks that require and incentivise the protection and restoration of nature.
We need compelling political narratives that integrate nature into growth, competitiveness, security and social development imperatives. Business and finance have a role to play in building momentum, political engagement and understanding around alternative views of and approaches to the economy that incorporate and support nature.
Examples:
- CISL’s discussion paper Survival of the Fittest: From ESG to Competitive Sustainability makes the business case for designing out the conflict between long-term sustainability and short-term commerciality.
- Rachel Garrett, Moran Professor of Conservation and Development at Cambridge University, supports the development of more transformative visions for conservation. “Socio-bioeconomies” seek to build on the unique social, cultural and biological diversity of tropical forests as the basis of economic development, rather than clearing forests for mines, timber, and low-diversity agriculture. This idea is included in Brazil’s newest deforestation prevention plan. Read more in Rachel’s blog: Beyond 'no,' more positive visions for conservation need communication
- CISL’s Global Leadership Summit in February 2024 explored the tough and courageous decisions needed from leaders to inspire and empower action at scale to bend the curve on the climate and nature crisis.
- A groundbreaking Competitive Sustainability Index from CISL measures the EU’s competitive sustainability performance as it faces an unprecedented set of interconnected crises. The tool offers a forward-looking way to assess the most effective approach to the integration of sustainability imperatives.
2. Embed nature in economic, policy and commercial decision-making
This can be achieved by building capability and decision support tools to make effective decisions that factor and price in nature-related risk, opportunity and impact.
Policy
Place nature at the heart of policy making and regulation, particularly for key sectors like agriculture and food production, land and water management and extractive industries. Support the necessary regulatory and structural shifts to make this happen. Only by delivering effective stewardship of nature will policymakers be able to provide the security and prosperity that underpin people’s livelihoods and sense of wellbeing. Strong policy incentives will be instrumental in determining the success of our efforts to revitalise nature.
Examples:
- CLG Europe’s Business Briefing: From Risk to Resilience explores the urgent mission to restore Europe’s ailing natural habitats and examines the pivotal involvement of corporations and businesses, shedding light on the EU Nature Restoration Law. Its Policy Briefing: The Green Deal and Beyond offers “four deals” with specific policy recommendations to complement the European Green Deal.
- CLG UK’s Policy Briefing: Unleashing the green economy includes five recommendations and examples from leading businesses on how to build a sustainable, competitive and resilient economy.
Business
Integrate nature as a core component of business models, innovation and strategy, and shift value chains, industries and supply chains to address the drivers of nature destruction. Think differently about business models to ensure they restore and protect nature rather than destroy it, building on an understanding that there can be no business on a dead planet. Identify where innovation is needed and catalyse, foster and scale promising solutions. Enable collaboration across sectors to accelerate transition.
Examples:
- CISL’s Better Business report, supported by A-Track, investigates the barriers and opportunities to scaling up and integrating nature positive aligned business models
- CISL's preparatory guide on nature integration for the agri-food sector helps businesses understand nature-related risks and disclosure frameworks that can promote nature-positive action
- CISL and The Fashion Pact's first biodiversity roadmap furthers the development and implementation of biodiversity strategies across the fashion, textile and apparel sector.
Finance
Leverage finance as a lever for change and reorientation of financial flows towards the support of nature. Financing the transition to an economy that works with nature requires knowledge and understanding of the many ways businesses impact – and depend on – the natural world. Addressing nature loss will address material financial risks and open up new opportunities.
Examples:
- CISL’s Scaling Finance for Nature report, supported by A Track, explores how to scale private capital’s meaningful contribution to a nature-positive economy.
- CISL's insurance leadership group, ClimateWise, offers a roadmap to help the insurance sector move towards nature-positive underwriting. In collaboration with MS Amlin, ClimateWise’s use case showcases a debt-for-nature swap supported by credit insurance for marine conservation in Ecuador.
- CISL’s Centre for Sustainable Finance outlines the necessity to adjust the international financial architecture to unlock financing for nature and climate in its Everything, Everywhere, All At Once report.
- CISL’s Let’s Discuss Nature with Climate: Engagement Guide aims to support the market-wide transformation towards a nature-positive economy by evolving the interaction between banks and investment managers and their portfolio clients and investee companies.
3. Enable better-informed and collaborative decision-making on the future of places – putting community and people at the centre
Building shared understanding, language, ambitions and decision support frameworks will enable all stakeholders to make joined-up decisions to steward finite resources in ways that meet multiple needs. Achieving the goals of the Global Biodiversity Framework is a societal effort, which includes collaboration with Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities, changes in consumption patterns as consumers, and capacity-building to support implantation of processes and policies to safeguard nature.
This will involve developing shared approaches to natural assets (like land and water) that allow them to be managed in a way that protects and restores thriving ecosystems and communities. Limited natural assets like land and water will be increasingly critical, not only to meet people’s increasing needs but also to provide space for nature and biodiversity, and continue to provide a way to reduce rather than contribute to climate change. Collaboration is key to managing our natural assets in a way that benefits nature while continuing to meet people’s needs into the future. Indigenous knowledge and the need to engage stakeholders including local communities in discussions around natural asset management is critical.
Examples:
- CISL’s regenerative nature-positive agriculture and land management models offer a blueprint that support improved biodiversity and water quality.
- Leading organisations signed and renewed their commitments to The Catchment Management Declaration, which aims to accelerate action for a multisector approach to water catchment management.
- Projects underway in the Gola Rainforest in Sierra Leone and Liberia offer examples of longstanding partnership work between local communities, civil society and governments to ensure that forest protection is in parallel to strengthened local livelihood opportunities which in Sierra Leone is partly funded through carbon credits. This will be the topic of a COP16 side event, Putting The Biodiversity Plan into action: Sustainable financing for transboundary conservation and livelihood support in the Gola Rainforest.
4. Drive innovation in, and transformation of, critical sectors and supply chains
To deliver the new business models required, we need to unlock both new visions for how critical nature-connected sectors operate and pathways to achieve them. That transformation requires innovative models of new ways of operating, and understanding of the transformations required to scale them up. We need to support new nature-positive start-ups and innovators, and enable the collaboration required to allow them to scale up and become the basis for new systems and structures.
To reverse nature loss in this critical decade, business, government and finance need to move from commitment towards action – our future economic and social prosperity depend on it.
This will require leaders to understand the urgency of the threat we face, integrate nature into their decision-making and work together to reset our relationship with nature by shifting our economic system to one that aligns with a nature-positive future.
Our role is to support the decision-makers that will accelerate this transition, providing them with the tools, safe spaces, insight and rationale they need to set us on an irreversible trajectory to a more harmonious relationship with the natural world.
CISL’s Canopy community supports a host of start ups that are focused on developing nature-positive solutions, including Earthblox, Gentian, Food Squared and Basecamp Research food systems accelerator.
The Aviation Impact Accelerator (AIA) is a global initiative jointly led by the University of Cambridge’s Whittle Laboratory and Institute for Sustainability Leadership. It brings together experts from across the sector and beyond to accelerate the transition to climate-neutral aviation.
CISL has convened a number of collaborations to help companies work towards eliminating plastic packaging waste, under the heading the Future of Plastic Packaging. Through working collaboratively across the value chain, government and society, CISL’s systemic approach enables stakeholders to rethink existing business models, implement workable solutions and have the greatest impact.
Work with us to develop a Nature Positive Economy
To reverse nature loss in this critical decade, business, government and finance need to move from commitment towards action – our future economic and social prosperity depend on it.
This will require leaders to understand the urgency of the threat we face; integrate nature into their decision making and work together to reset out relationship with nature by shifting our economic system to one which aligns with a nature positive future. Our role is to support the decision makers that will accelerate this transition, providing them with the tools, safe spaces, insight and rationale they need to set us on an irreversible trajectory to a more harmonious relationship with the natural world.
Find out about our new campaign, Restoring Nature: Reimagining Growth
About this briefing
The University of Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership
CISL is an impact-led institute within the University of Cambridge that activates leadership globally to transform economies for people, nature and climate. Through its global network and hubs in Cambridge, Cape Town and Brussels, CISL works with leaders and innovators across business, finance and government to accelerate action for a sustainable future. Trusted since 1988 for its rigour and pioneering commitment to learning and collaboration, the Institute creates safe spaces to challenge and support those with the power to act.
Author and acknowledgements
This report was written by Sara Taaffe and Adele Williams. The authors are grateful for the contributions of Eliot Whittington, Harry Greenfield, Edmund Dickens, and case studies from the Cambridge Conservation Initiative and Cambridge Conservation Research Institute.
Copyright
Copyright © 2024 University of Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership (CISL). Some rights reserved. The material featured in this publication excluding photographs is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Licence (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)